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May 2025 Monthly Market Note

May registered large gains across equities

MONTH IN REVIEW

Following a return of -0.68% for April (total return), SPX (the S&P 500) returned 6.29% (total return) in May.   After returning 1.55% (total return) in April, NDX (the Nasdaq-100) returned 9.13% (total return) in May.  The Russell 2000 returned 5.34% in May after a loss of -2.31% in April.  SPX & NDX reclaimed their key moving averages in May, which we will illustrate later in this note.  Another notable datapoint from May was the release of April’s inflation data: Core CPI printed 0.2% M/M, less than the 0.3% consensus.  PPI printed -0.5% M/M, less than the 0.2% consensus.  PCE printed 0.1%, matching the consensus.  Core PCE printed 0.1%, matching the consensus.  

Treasuries sold-off in May.  The 10-yr closed at 4.40% to end the month, on the upper end of the important 4.20% – 4.40% technical range.  The 30-year Treasury yield ended the month at roughly 4.93%.  Over the past several months and years, the correlation between equities and fixed income has been notably high – and likely will remain so.  Additionally, the 2/10 Treasury yield spread remained positive and steepened in May after its record-long inversion came to an end in the second half of 2024.

The next Fed meeting will take place on 6/17-6/18, and there is no cut expected.  Looking forward, and as of the end of May, the market is pricing in a total of 50bps of cuts for the remainder of 2025 (two cuts).  The Fed continues to target 2% inflation as its goal and incoming inflation reports will likely continue to drive the dot plot.

According to FactSet, the trailing 12-month P/E ratio for SPX is 25.9, which is above the 5-year average (24.8), and above the 10-year average (22.4).  The forward 12-month P/E ratio for SPX is 21.3, which is above the 5-year average (19.9), and above the 10-year average (18.4).  Additionally, per FactSet, SPX is reporting Y/Y revenue growth of 4.9% for Q1 2025, which is above the estimate of 4.3% on March 31.  Finally, per FactSet, SPX is reporting Y/Y earnings growth of 13.3% for Q1 2025, which is above the estimate of 7.2% on March 31.

Within commodities and currencies: WTI Crude Oil rose in May by roughly 6%.  Gold finished flat for the month of May.  Finally, the USD/DXY closed out the month near 99.25, which was slightly lower M/M. 

 

VOLATILITY UPDATE

After closing out April at 24.70, the VIX Index fell during May and closed out the month near 18.50.  The 12-month high of the VIX Index was registered on 8/5/24 at 65.73.  In 2022, the VIX averaged over 25.  In 2023, the VIX averaged near 17.  And in 2024, the VIX averaged near 15.50.

The MOVE Index calculates the future volatility of US Treasury yields implied by current prices of options on Treasuries of various maturities.  It is thought of as “The VIX Index of the Bond Market.“   After closing out April near 112, the MOVE Index fell in May and closed out the month near 92.  Traders will continue to monitor this index to gauge potential future bond and equity volatility.  Equities tend to favor a subdued MOVE Index.

 

NOTABLE CHARTS




 

LOOKING AHEAD

Among other factors, the market will be adjusting to and watching the new administration, tariffs, inflation, earnings, yields, geopolitical risks, and the Fed outlook.  On the inflation front, May’s CPI will be released on 6/11, and PPI will be released on 6/12.  Finally, the next FOMC meeting will take place on 6/17-6/18.

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